Basically, there are five taste modalities, i.e., sweet, sour, bitter, salty, umami and perhaps, a sixth fat taste ( Heinze et al. In fact, the taste of nutrients leads human beings to decide quickly to accept or reject a food. The dietary habits are governed, in part, by oro-sensory detection of taste. We further shed light on how to restore taste acuity, by using different preventive methods, dietary modifications and pharmacotherapy in subjects with advanced cancer state. Other several factors like damage to taste progenitor cells and disruption of gut microbiota are also dealt with relation to taste perception in cancer. We highlight the role of radio- and chemotherapy in the modulation of taste physiology. We also address the question of the implication of inflammation, responsible for the alterations in taste modalities. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of taste perception and how they are altered in cancer. The change in taste perception might lead to malnutrition that is usually one of the frequent causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with cancer. The sense of taste is responsible for the detection and ingestion of food to cover energetic requirements in health and disease. 3Département de Biochimie, Biologie Cellulaire & Moléculaire, Université de Constantine 1, Constantine, Alegria.2UMR U866 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale/Université de Bourgogne-Franche Compté, Chimiothérapie et Réponse Anti-tumorale, Dijon, France.1Physiologie de la Nutrition and Toxicologie, UMR U866 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale/Université de Bourgogne-Franche Compté/Agro-Sup, Dijon, France.Khan 3, François Ghiringhelli 2 and Naim A. This study demonstrated that radiation-induced taste deficits can be recovered by 6 months.Babar Murtaza 1, Aziz Hichami 2, Amira S. There were significant elevations in thresholds for sweet (p < 0.005), salty (p < 0.005), bitter (p < 0.005), and sour (p< 0.001) during radiation therapy that were restored to baseline levels at 6 months and 1 year after radiation. Smell recognition was unaffected by radiation. Differences for smell recognition and the 4 taste qualities were assessed (independently) at the 4 time intervals, with a one-way ANOVA.
Smell recognition and taste detection thresholds were determined at baseline, 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year post-radiation. One or both parotid glands and at least two-thirds of the tongue were included in the radiation field. In the present longitudinal study, 13 patients (mean age = 51.6 yrs) received conventional or hyperfractionated radiotherapy (63-76.8 Gy) for primary tumors of the oropharynx. Previous investigators have reported deficits in taste acuity in patients following radiation therapy for oropharyngeal cancer.
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